Fluid-pressure turbine



Sept. 8, 1925.

F. LQSEL FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE fllilnilv I II W m Filed June a, 1924Izaak 0 li'lluse tatented Sept. 8, i925.

FRANZ 1368131., OF BRUNN, CZECHOSLOVAKIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE TURBINE.

Application filed June 5,

To all 1 2750222 it may 607266771.

Be it known that I, FRANZ no: :n, a citiof Czechoslovakia, residing atBrunn Czechoslovakia, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Fluid-Pressure Turbines, of which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, particularly of thefull admission type. In turbines in which the fluid under pressure isuniformly supplied to the entire circumference of the first blade ringsthe nozzles are connected with a continuous annular intake or admissionspace to which the fluid under pressure, steam or gas supplied by asingle pipe or conduit. In this class of turbines the parts are subjectto very objectionable strains more particularly when fluid under veryhigh pressure is used as the driving agent. This necessitates very heavyconstruction and great thickness of materials which features are open tothe objection that, owing to the irregular heating, there are set up inthe material internal stresses and heat expansion stresses which oftenresult in distortions and even breakage.

The object of my invention is to provide a fluid pressure turbine inwhich the drawbacks just referred to are obviated. With this object inview my invention consists in providing in front of the admission,nozzles a fluid pressure admission part consisting of compartmentsseparated from each other by partitions and pressed into the casing madeof forged or rolled material.

In the annexed drawing 1 have shown by way of example an embodiment ofmy invention. F1 1 1s a part of a lon itudinal section of turbineoperated by fluid under high pressure, Fig. 2 is a transverse section onthe line 1T1 Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a section on the line :r@ Fig. 2.

The compartments r for the fluid under pressure in front of the firstset of nozzles are encloses on the one hand by the front wall 5 of thecasing 9 and on the other hand by the wall Z2 the adjacent compartmentsbeing separated from each other by partitions 8. Due to relatively smallpressure difference acting on the wall or cover plate 6 and due to thefact that the joints as shown are within the turbine casing, such jointsare easily kept fluid tight and no lea age can occur.

In the embodiment of my invention illus- 1924. Serial No. 718,126.

e the drawing he front wall Z) may made of wrought for instance of Theco 1 for .e on d bv reces and abutting against the wall Z2 and securedto the same by bolts m. The wall Z) with the compartments or recesses rand the partitions s is preferably formed by pressing. Each of thecompartments r has a separate supp ly pipe or admission part a for thefluid under pressure.

T fluid he admission chamber for th under press being subdivided into aplurality of com artment-s separated from each other by partitionscapable of being secured to the casing by bolts m constitutes a verystrong structure without necessitating an undue thickness of the wall.This structure can be readily and cheaply manufactured and will provefully satisfact. even under severe conditions of fluid pressure andtempe 'ature.

The subdivision of the a: ission chamber into plurality of compartmentsouch of which l is a se; ara'te steam supply pipe is of particularimportance for such turbines as are to be operated by steam of very highpressure and highly superheated, and this is the class of turbines forwhich the present invention is mainly designed, because under theseconditions the steam ill)- ply pipes are subject to exceedingly highstrains due to dilation by heat further because the provision of pipeconnections of sutiicient elasticity meets with practical difficultics;and finally because flange pack are diflicu t to make for pipes of suchlarge diameters as are required for turbines with only one steam supplypipe. All of these drawbacks are obviated according to my invention byproviding separate steam supply pipes for the individual compartments.The increase of losses of heat resulting therefrom may be readilyreduced to a minimum by suitable heat insulation of the supply pipes.

What I claim is:

.1. In a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, thecombination of a casing having an end or front wall integral therewithand shaped to form a plurality of compartments and another separate wallWithin the casing at such end covering the compartments therein andforming fluid tight joints with the casing and its end wall, said innerwall having openings leading from the compartments to the nozzles andarranged in a circle near the periphery of the inner wall, and saidouter wall having an inlet for each con'ipartment.

2. In a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, a casing, afluid admission end thereof comprising a separate inner por tion withopenings leading to the nozzles and an outer portion integra with thecasing and fo ning, with the inner portion, a plurality oi compa rentsseparated by par itions, and having an inlet portfor each compartment tosupply fluid to the openings m such compart nent which lead to thenozzles.

8. In a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, thecombination, at the high pressure end of the turbine, of a separateinner wall having therein openings leading to the nozzles and a separatemember outside thereof shaped to provide a series of fluid admissioncompartments to supply fluid to different groups of such openings andhaving portions to engage said wall around said compartments to formfluidtight connections with said wall.

4. in a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, thecombination, at the high pressure end of the turbine, of a separateinner wall having therein openings leading to the nozzles, a separatemember outside thereof shaped to provide a series of fluid admissioncompartments to supply fluid to different groups of such openingsleading to the nozzles and having portions to engage said wall aroundsaid compartments, to form fluid-tight connections with said wall, andmeans individual to said compartments for supplying fluid thereto.

5. In a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, a casing, thefluid admission end thereof comprising a high pressure outer front wallshaped to provide therein a plurality of compartments arrangedsubstantially in a circle and an inner cover having groups of openingscommunicating with such compartments and leading to the nozzles, andpipes, one for each compartment, and communicating therewith, to furnishthe fluid required.

6. In a turbine operated by elastic fluid under pressure, a fluidadmission part comprising a high pressure outer front wall shaped toprovide a plurality of compartments arranged substantially in a circleand an inner cover closing said compartments and having groups ofopenings communicating with such compartments and leading to thenozzles, and pipes at least one for each compartment and communicatingtherewith to furnish the fluid required.

7. In an elastic fluid turbine the combination of a casing with an endor front wall made of a material of high tensile strength and havingpressed therefrom a plurality of compartments separated by partitionsand a cover plate within said casing for closing said compartments andhaving openings therein communicating with the nozzles leading to thefirst stage of the turbine, and at least one supply pipe for eachcompartment.

8. An elastic fluid high pressure turbine, comprising a casing having anend or front wall forming a one piece element with the high pressurecasing portion and being shaped to form a plurality of compartmentsseparated by partitions and a separate plate within said casing on suchhigh pressure end w ll and provided with openings connecting saidcompartments with the first guide nozzles of the turbine, and a fluidsupply leading to each compartment.

9, In an elastic fluid high pressure turbine, a high pressure admissionend having a plurality of high pressure fluid supply compartmentsseparated by partitions shaped in a one-piece element or platecooperating with another one-piece element or cover plate to close saidcompartments fluid tight, at least one fluid supply pipe leading to eachcompartment, and passages leading from said compartments to the nozzlesof the first stage of the turbine.

In testimony whereof I atflX my signature FRANZ LOSEL.

